With reference to the history of India, consider the following pairs : 1. Aurang - In-charge of treasury of the State 2. Banian - Indian agent of the East India Company 3. Mirasidar - Designated revenue payer to the State Which of the pairs given above is/are correctly matched ?

Gives a concrete example that historical Indian polities used specific, often compound native titles (e.g., Manikkappandaram-Kappan, Kosa-adhyaksa) for officers who ran the treasury.

A student could use this pattern to expect a distinct, recorded title for a treasurer and then check whether 'Aurang' appears in lists of such treasury offices.

Describes a clear administrative vocabulary (samaharta, treasurer) at the Mauryan level showing the state had established, named financial offices.

One could compare known historical treasurer titles (samaharta, etc.) with the word 'Aurang' to see if it fits established nomenclature.

Explains that the Sultanate had a council of ministers each 'in charge of the various departments' including revenue collection, implying specialized office-names for fiscal roles.

Use this general rule to search whether 'Aurang' is listed among ministerial or departmental titles in Sultanate or later records.

Notes that under the Mughals zamindars collected revenue while Diwan supervised — showing the term for financial supervisors (Diwan) is known and distinct.

Compare the well-attested title 'Diwan' with 'Aurang' to judge whether 'Aurang' fits patterns of fiscal-supervisor titles or is absent.

Contains repeated use of 'Aurangzeb' (a personal name) and discussions of imperial treasury issues, illustrating that 'Aurang' appears in personal names rather than presented as an office in these sources.

A student could note the occurrence of 'Aurang' inside a ruler's name and weigh whether it is used as an administrative title elsewhere in the same corpus.

States that Company agents initially kept up a pretence of being mere traders and established coastal footholds, implying reliance on local commercial networks and intermediaries.

A student could check period accounts of Company 'agents' and coastal factories for terminology used for local intermediaries (e.g., 'Banian') to see if it appears.

Explains the Company set up 'factories' (trading depots) and sent envoys (Captain Hawkins) to Indian courts, indicating they worked through local contacts and intermediaries to obtain favours.

Look up records of factories at Surat/Madras/Bombay for lists of local brokers or terms used for Indian intermediaries to test whether 'Banian' appears.

Notes that after 1765 Indian officials continued to function under Company control, showing the Company routinely operated through existing Indian office-holders and intermediaries.

Compare administrative vocabulary in Company correspondence and Indian official records to see if 'Banian' was used for such intermediary roles.

Mentions the Company earned trading concessions from Mughal authority by 'flattery and diplomacy', suggesting use of local agents or intermediaries in negotiations.

Search diplomatic/trade negotiation accounts for references to native intermediaries and the term 'Banian' in those contexts.

Describes the Company's alliances and interference with Indian states, implying engagement with local power-brokers and go-betweens.

Examine military and political correspondence for mention of named local intermediaries or occupational labels such as 'Banian'.

Describes distinct revenue arrangements (ryotwari vs zamindari) and labels used for groups tied to revenue payment or collection (ryot, zamindar).

A student could check regional revenue systems to see which local terms (e.g., 'mirasidar') correspond to the ryot/zamindar roles and thus whether it denotes a revenue payer.

Explains the ryotwari principle: revenue settled directly with the ryot and assessment of revenue-paying capacity of cultivators.

Compare this pattern of direct settlement with local terminology in different provinces to test if 'mirasidar' denotes the directly liable cultivator.

Identifies intermediaries (zamindars, revenue farmers) who collect land revenue and sometimes own land—shows multiple possible revenue roles existed.

Use the list of intermediary roles to narrow whether 'mirasidar' is likely an intermediary (collector) or primary payer by checking regional landholding categories.

Notes village-level collection and that land revenue was paid by cultivators to the state through village mechanisms and recorded in grants.

Examine village copperplate records or regional administrative terms (from a map of linguistic/administrative regions) to see if 'mirasidar' appears as the cultivator/responsible payer.

Describes British-era creation of zamindars and the transformation of cultivators into tenants, illustrating that titles/terms for revenue roles could shift regionally and historically.

Investigate period and regional contexts (pre-British vs colonial, and specific provinces) to determine whether 'mirasidar' referred to a revenue payer in one era/region but not another.