Question map
Consider the following pairs : Site of Ashoka's major rock edicts Location in the State of 1. Dhauli - Odisha 2. Erragudi - Andhra Pradesh 3. Jaugada - Madhya Pradesh 4. Kalsi - Karnataka How many pairs given above are correctly matched ?
Explanation
The correct answer is Option 2 (Only two pairs). The Ashokan major rock edicts are a set of 14 inscriptions distributed across the Indian subcontinent. Analyzing the given pairs:
- Pair 1 is correctly matched: Dhauli is located in the Khurda district of Odisha. It is famous for the rock-cut elephant and represents the Kalinga edicts.
- Pair 2 is correctly matched: Erragudi (or Yerragudi) is situated in the Kurnool district of Andhra Pradesh. It is a unique site containing both major rock edicts and minor rock edicts.
- Pair 3 is incorrectly matched: Jaugada is located in the Ganjam district of Odisha, not Madhya Pradesh. Like Dhauli, it contains the "Separate Kalinga Edicts."
- Pair 4 is incorrectly matched: Kalsi is located in the Dehradun district of Uttarakhand, not Karnataka. It is the only major rock edict site in North India located in the Himalayas.
Since only pairs 1 and 2 are correct, Option 2 is the right choice.
PROVENANCE & STUDY PATTERN
Full viewThis is a classic 'Static History Map' question, not current affairs. It tests the geographical boundaries of the Mauryan Empire. If you skipped the map of Ashokan Edicts in RS Sharma or TN Board Class XI, you lost easy marks. It is a fairness benchmark: standard sources cover this explicitly.
This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.
- Statement 1: Which state is Dhauli, a site of Ashoka's major rock edicts, located in?
- Statement 2: Which state is Erragudi, a site of Ashoka's major rock edicts, located in?
- Statement 3: Which state is Jaugada, a site of Ashoka's major rock edicts, located in?
- Statement 4: Which state is Kalsi, a site of Ashoka's major rock edicts, located in?
- Explicitly lists Dhauli together with the state name Odisha.
- Appears in the Wikipedia list of locations for Ashoka's Major Rock Edicts, directly tying Dhauli to Odisha.
- Lists Dhauli among the locations of the Major Rock Edicts of Ashoka.
- Corroborates that Dhauli is a recognized site in the set of Ashoka's Major Rock Edicts.
Lists the geographic spread of Ashoka's Major Rock Edicts and explicitly includes 'Odisha in the east' among locations where Major Rock Edicts are found.
A student could combine this list with knowledge that Dhauli is a known site of Ashokan rock edicts to suspect Dhauli lies in the state of Odisha and then check a map or district-level source.
States that Ashoka's defining event was the Kalinga campaign and identifies Kalinga as 'present-day Odisha', linking Ashokan activity to that region.
Knowing Kalinga = present-day Odisha, a student could infer that prominent Ashokan sites associated with Kalinga (like major rock edicts) are likely located in Odisha and verify Dhauli's location accordingly.
Notes that Ashokan Rock Edict II lists Tamil ruling houses as neighbours 'beyond his domain', providing context that Ashokan inscriptions in the east relate to regions around Kalinga/Odisha.
Using this contextual placement of Kalinga/Odisha relative to Ashokan inscriptions, a student could use a map to narrow down that Dhauli (an Ashokan rock-edict site) is in the eastern coastal state of Odisha.
- Lists the states where Major Rock Edicts are found and includes Andhra Pradesh in that list.
- States that all 14 edicts are completely found at five places, naming Erragudi among them β linking Erragudi to the previously listed states (including Andhra Pradesh).
Lists the geographic spread of Ashoka's Major Rock Edicts and specifically names Kurnool district in Andhra Pradesh as a southern location of the Major Rock Edicts.
A student could check whether Erragudi is in or near Kurnool district or elsewhere in Andhra Pradesh on a map or gazetteer to see if this matches the pattern.
Describes the Deccan region (major parts of present-day Telangana, Andhra, Karnataka and Maharashtra) as locations relevant to southward spread and influence, indicating edicts reached these southern areas.
Use a map of the Deccan to see if Erragudi falls within these states (particularly Andhra or Telangana) where Ashokan presence is attested.
States that Ashokan edicts present a picture of political condition in south India and names Tamil ruling houses beyond his domain, implying edicts are found at various south Indian sites.
Combine this with local place-name searches or district-level lists of Ashokan edict sites to narrow whether Erragudi is in a south Indian state like Andhra/Telangana/Karnataka/Tamil Nadu.
- Explicitly lists Jaugada together with its state, showing its location.
- Appears on the Major Rock Edicts Wikipedia page as a site of Ashoka's edicts.
- Lists Jaugada among the locations of the Major Rock Edicts, corroborating it as an edict site.
- Supports the identification of Jaugada as one of Ashoka's rock edict sites.
Lists the geographical spread of the Major Rock Edicts and explicitly includes 'Odisha in the east' among the regions where Major Rock Edicts are found.
A student could note that since Major Rock Edicts occur in Odisha, a named edict-site (Jaugada) described as a Major Rock Edict site is plausibly located in Odisha and then check a map or gazetteer to confirm.
Identifies Kalinga as 'present-day Odisha' in the context of Ashoka's campaign, linking Ashokan activity and inscriptions to that modern state.
Knowing Kalinga = present-day Odisha, a student could infer that important Ashokan sites associated with Kalinga-era activity (like rock edicts) are likely found in Odisha and verify Jaugada against that expectation.
States that Ashoka issued edicts 'in many parts of his empire' engraved on rocks or pillars, establishing the general pattern that multiple regions host Ashokan rock edicts.
Use the general pattern (wide distribution of rock edicts) together with the specific mention of Odisha in snippet [1] to prioritize checking Odisha for a given major rock-edict site like Jaugada.
Discusses Ashokan Rock Edict II and the southern neighbours, showing that specific edicts name regions and rulers beyond Ashoka's domain, implying edicts are tied to identifiable regional locations.
Since edicts reference particular regions, a student can search for edict-sites referenced in sources about Kalinga/Odisha to locate Jaugada on a modern map for confirmation.
Notes that Ashokan edicts have been discovered 'in many parts of the country' and that locating them helped reconstruct Mauryan geography, implying edict-sites map onto modern states.
A student could combine this general point with the specific listing of Odisha in [1] to narrow down which modern state a particular imperial edict-site (Jaugada) likely falls in, then verify via an atlas or gazetteer.
- Passage lists the Indian states that contain Major Rock Edicts and explicitly includes 'Uttarakhand (1)'.
- The same passage states that all 14 edicts are completely found at five places, naming 'Kalsi' among them, linking Kalsi to the single Uttarakhand entry.
- Specifically identifies 'The major rock edict of Kalsi' and notes it is in 'north India'.
- Combined with passage 5's listing (which associates the lone north-Indian state entry with Uttarakhand), this supports locating Kalsi in Uttarakhand.
Gives a geographic list showing Major Rock Edicts extend as far north as 'Uttarakhand district', implying some major-rock-edict sites lie in that state/region.
A student could check a map or gazetteer to see if Kalsi lies within Uttarakhand, thereby testing whether Kalsi is one of the sites referred to.
States Ashoka's edicts were issued 'in many parts of his empire' and engraved on rocks/pillars, highlighting that multiple dispersed rock-edict sites exist across different states.
Use this pattern (widespread rock edicts) plus a map to narrow candidate states for Kalsi and then check local lists of rock-edict sites in those states.
Notes that Ashokan rock edicts provide information about regions beyond his domain (including southern neighbours), illustrating that rock edicts occur across broad regions and can be regionally identified.
Combine this with regional knowledge (north vs south) to prioritize checking northern Indian states (like Uttarakhand) for named rock-edict sites such as Kalsi.
Provides a short bibliography (works on Ashoka and his edicts) which points to standard references where site-specific listings of rock edicts are recorded.
Consult the cited references (e.g., Dhammika, D.N. Jha, Romila Thapar) or their site lists to verify the state in which Kalsi is located.
- [THE VERDICT]: Sitter. Directly solvable from the 'Mauryan Empire' map in TN Board Class XI (p. 52) or RS Sharma.
- [THE CONCEPTUAL TRIGGER]: Mauryan Epigraphy & Imperial Boundaries. The location of edicts marks the extent of Ashoka's control.
- [THE HORIZONTAL EXPANSION]: Memorize the 8 sets of Major Rock Edicts: 1. Shahbazgarhi (Pak) 2. Mansehra (Pak) 3. Kalsi (Uttarakhand) 4. Girnar (Gujarat) 5. Sopara (Maharashtra) 6. Dhauli (Odisha) 7. Jaugada (Odisha) 8. Erragudi (Andhra). Note: Sannati (Karnataka) is a recent addition.
- [THE STRATEGIC METACOGNITION]: Do not just read history; visualize it. When a text says 'Ashoka ruled from Himalayas to Mysore', immediately plot the northernmost (Kalsi/Topra) and southernmost (Erragudi/Sannati) inscriptions.
Ashokan Major Rock Edicts were distributed across India including eastern regions such as Odisha.
High-yield for UPSC history and map-based questions: helps determine the extent of the Mauryan Empire and locate key inscription sites. Connects to questions on imperial administration, communication (edicts), and regional archaeology.
- History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 4: Emergence of State and Empire > Edicts of Ashoka > p. 52
The ancient region of Kalinga corresponds to present-day Odisha, the site of Ashoka's decisive Kalinga campaign.
Crucial for questions on Ashoka's transformation after the Kalinga War, linking political events to geography; useful in essays and prelims for correlating ancient territories with modern states.
- History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 4: Emergence of State and Empire > Ashoka > p. 51
Decipherment of the Brahmi script enabled reading Ashokan inscriptions and reconstructing Mauryan history.
Important for source-based history questions and understanding how primary inscriptions inform reconstruction of ancient India; connects to epigraphy, archaeology, and methodology in history.
- History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 4: Emergence of State and Empire > Sources > p. 47
- Exploring Society:India and Beyond ,Social Science-Class VII . NCERT(Revised ed 2025) > Chapter 5: The Rise of Empires > THINK ABOUT IT > p. 105
Ashoka's edicts were distributed widely across north-west to south India, so locating a specific edict site requires knowledge of this spread.
High-yield for map-based polity and archaeology questions; helps infer the Mauryan Empire's territorial reach and connect inscriptional sites to modern states. Useful for elimination in multiple-choice and short-answer questions about inscription locations.
- History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 4: Emergence of State and Empire > Edicts of Ashoka > p. 52
- History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 5: Evolution of Society in South India > South India during 5.1Mauryan times > p. 64
- History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 5: Evolution of Society in South India > Introduction > p. 63
Knowing what constitutes Major Rock Edicts helps determine whether a named site (like Erragudi) is likely to host a major rather than a minor inscription.
Important for questions asking about types and distribution of Ashokan inscriptions; links to understanding inscriptional evidence as primary sources and to locating prominent inscription sites on maps.
- History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 4: Emergence of State and Empire > Edicts of Ashoka > p. 52
- History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 4: Emergence of State and Empire > Ashoka > p. 51
Rock Edict II names southern ruling houses and highlights interactions with the south, which is relevant when assessing southern locations of Ashokan inscriptions.
Valuable for questions connecting Ashokan inscriptions to South Indian geography and political history; aids in contextualizing inscriptional evidence with contemporary southern polities and in tackling source-based map questions.
- History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 5: Evolution of Society in South India > South India during 5.1Mauryan times > p. 64
- History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 5: Evolution of Society in South India > Introduction > p. 63
- History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 5: Evolution of Society in South India > The Muvendar > p. 66
Major Rock Edicts are inscribed across the subcontinent and explicitly include eastern Odisha among their locations.
High-yield for UPSC: helps locate Ashokan inscriptions regionally and infer the Mauryan political reach; connects to map-based questions, administrative geography, and source interpretation. Mastery enables elimination of wrong location options and supports essay and prelim questions on Mauryan expansion.
- History , class XI (Tamilnadu state board 2024 ed.) > Chapter 4: Emergence of State and Empire > Edicts of Ashoka > p. 52
Sannati (Kanaganahalli) in Karnataka. It is a Major Rock Edict site that contains the only known stone portrait of Ashoka, labeled 'Ranyo Ashoka'. This is the next logical question.
Use 'Linguistic Geography'. 'Kalsi' sounds like a Northern hill station (near Dehradun/Mussoorie); it doesn't sound Dravidian like 'Karnataka'. 'Erragudi' has the 'Gudi' suffix common in Andhra/Telangana place names. 'Jaugada' (Jau-Gada) implies a Fort, common in Odia/Hindi belt, not MP tribal belts. Mismatched phonetics = Wrong Pair.
Mains GS-4 (Ethics): Ashoka's 'Dhamma Mahamattas' mentioned in these edicts were essentially the first 'Ethics Officers' or 'Ombudsmen' in Indian administration, parallel to modern Lokpals or Human Rights Commissions.