With reference to Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) sometimes mentioned in the news while forecasting Indian monsoon, which of the following statements is/are correct? 1.IOD phenomenon is characterised by a difference in sea surface temperature between tropical W

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Q: 66 (IAS/2017)
With reference to ‘Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD)’ sometimes mentioned in the news while forecasting Indian monsoon, which of the following statements is/are correct?
1.IOD phenomenon is characterised by a difference in sea surface temperature between tropical Western Indian Ocean and tropical Eastern Pacific Ocean.
2.An IOD phenomenon can influence an El Nino’s impact on the monsoon.
Select the correct answer using the code given below:

question_subject: 

Geography

question_exam: 

IAS

stats: 

0,194,139,21,194,110,8

keywords: 

{'indian ocean dipole': [0, 0, 0, 1], 'indian monsoon': [0, 0, 0, 2], 'monsoon': [1, 0, 2, 1], 'el nino': [2, 0, 1, 4], 'tropical western indian ocean': [0, 0, 0, 1], 'iod': [0, 0, 0, 1], 'sea surface temperature': [0, 0, 0, 2], 'tropical eastern pacific ocean': [0, 0, 0, 1]}

The Indian Ocean Dipole (IOD) refers to a phenomenon characterized by the difference in sea surface temperature between the tropical Western Indian Ocean and the tropical Eastern Indian Ocean (not the Pacific Ocean as option 1 suggests). Therefore, option 1 is incorrect. Option 2 is correct as it states the possibility of the IOD phenomenon influencing the effects of El Nino on the monsoon. It is accepted that both El Nino and IOD can individually and collectively influence the monsoon. So, while option 2 is correct, option 1 is misleading due to its incorrect geographical reference. Hence, the correct answer is Option 2 (2 only).