The correct answer is option 4: Cornwallis. Cornwallis introduced the Permanent Revenue Settlement of Bengal. This settlement was implemented in 1793 as an attempt to reform the land revenue system in Bengal. It aimed to establish a fixed and permanent revenue collection system, as opposed to the fluctuating and unpredictable revenue collection under previous systems. Under this settlement, landowners were given the right to permanently own and possess their land by paying a fixed amount of revenue to the British East India Company. This settled revenue amount would remain unchanged for a fixed period of time. Cornwallis` Permanent Revenue Settlement of Bengal played a significant role in shaping the landowning structure in Bengal and had long-lasting impacts on the socio-economic conditions of the region.