Italy, Japan, and South Korea are frequently mentioned in the media for their low birth rates, ageing populations, or declining populations. Italy has one of the lowest birth rates in the EU and is experiencing a rapidly ageing population. Japan is facing a record low birth rate and a rapidly shrinking and ageing population. South Korea has the world's lowest fertility rate and is experiencing a fast ageing population. These issues are significant in these countries, making option 1 (Italy, Japan, and South Korea) the correct choice.