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Q110 (CAPF/2015) Science & Technology › Basic Science (Physics, Chemistry, Biology) › Atomic and nuclear physics Answer Verified

Movement of outer electrons in the inner orbits of an atom produces :

Result
Your answer: —  Â·  Correct: D
Explanation

The movement of outer electrons into inner orbits of an atom produces X-rays. When a high-speed electron or photon displaces a tightly bound electron from an inner shell (like the K or L shell), it creates a vacancy. To stabilize the atom, an electron from a higher-energy outer shell 'drops down' to fill this inner-shell hole. This electronic transition releases energy in the form of electromagnetic radiation known as characteristic X-rays. The energy of the emitted X-ray photon is equal to the difference between the initial and final energy states of the electron. In contrast, alpha and beta rays are particles emitted during nuclear decay, and gamma rays originate from transitions within the atomic nucleus rather than electronic shell rearrangements.

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