Option 1 states that Martanda Varma ruled over Travancore. This means that during his reign, Martanda Varma was the king of Travancore.
Option 2 states that Martanda Varma subdued the feudatories. Feudatories were local rulers who often held independent or semi-independent positions within a kingdom. By subduing these feudatories, Martanda Varma asserted his authority and consolidated his power.
Option 3 states that Martanda Varma gave heavy bribes to European officers to maintain peace. This statement is not true. There is no historical evidence or records that suggest Martanda Varma gave bribes to European officers. It is important to note that Martanda Varma was known for his strong and independent rule, and he relied on strategic alliances and military strength to maintain peace in his kingdom.
Option 4 states that Martanda Varma organized a strong modern army. This statement is true. Martanda Varma is credited with transforming the Travancore army into a formidable force equipped with modern weaponry and trained in European military tactics. This modernization of the army played a crucial role in the success of Travancore under his reign.
In conclusion, the correct answer is option 3 as there is no evidence to support the claim