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Q79 (IAS/2023) Environment & Ecology › Environment Laws, Policies & Institutions (India) › Biodiversity Governance Bodies Official Key

Consider the following statements : 1. In India, the Biodiversity Management Committees are key to the realization of the objectives of the Nagoya Protocol. 2. The Biodiversity Management Committees have important functions in determining access and benefit sharing, including the power to levy collection fees on the access of biological resources within its jurisdiction. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: C
Explanation

The correct answer is Option 3 (Both 1 and 2).

Statement 1 is correct: The Nagoya Protocol focuses on "Access and Benefit Sharing" (ABS). In India, the Biological Diversity Act, 2002, establishes Biodiversity Management Committees (BMCs) at the local body level. These committees are essential for the conservation of biological diversity and sustainable use, directly facilitating the decentralized implementation of the Nagoya Protocol's objectives.

Statement 2 is correct: Under Section 41 of the Act, BMCs play a vital role in ABS by providing advice on requests for access to biological resources. Crucially, they possess the statutory power to levy collection fees from any person accessing biological resources for commercial purposes within their territorial jurisdiction. This revenue is credited to the Local Biodiversity Fund, ensuring that benefits reach the local custodians of traditional knowledge and biodiversity.

Therefore, both statements accurately reflect the legal framework and functional mandate of BMCs in India.

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Don’t just practise – reverse-engineer the question. This panel shows where this PYQ came from (books / web), how the examiner broke it into hidden statements, and which nearby micro-concepts you were supposed to learn from it. Treat it like an autopsy of the question: what might have triggered it, which exact lines in the book matter, and what linked ideas you should carry forward to future questions.
Q. Consider the following statements : 1. In India, the Biodiversity Management Committees are key to the realization of the objectives of t…
At a glance
Origin: Books + Current Affairs Fairness: Moderate fairness Books / CA: 6.7/10 · 3.3/10
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This is a classic 'International Treaty to Domestic Law' bridge question. Statement 1 is standard static knowledge (Nagoya = ABS). Statement 2 tests the specific statutory teeth of the local body (BMCs). The trap is knowing BMCs exist versus knowing they have the specific financial power to levy fees (Section 41 of BD Act).

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
In India, are Biodiversity Management Committees (BMCs) key to the realization of the objectives of the Nagoya Protocol?
Origin: Direct from books Fairness: Straightforward Book-answerable
From standard books
Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 28: International Organisation and Conventions > Objectives > p. 391
Presence: 5/5
“SIIANKAR The conservation of biological diversity, the sustainable use of its components and the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of the utilization of genetic resources, including by appropriate access to genetic resources and by appropriate transfer of relevant technologies, taking into account all rights over those resources and to technologies, and by appropriate funding. • (i) Conservation of biological diversity; • (ii) Sustainable use of its components; and • (iii) Fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising from the utilization of genetic resources. The Act envisages a three-tier structure to regulate access to the biological resources, comprising of National Biodiversity Authority (NBA), State Biodiversity Boards (SBB) and Biodiversity Management Committees (BMC) at the local level.”
Why this source?
  • Specifies the Biodiversity Act envisages a three-tier structure (NBA, SBB, BMC) to regulate access to biological resources.
  • Links this three-tier regulatory structure directly to access regulation, which is central to the Nagoya Protocol’s ABS objective.
Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 28: International Organisation and Conventions > Ianportance > p. 393
Presence: 4/5
“The Nagoya Protocol will create greater legal certainty and transparency for both providers and users of genetic resources by: • Establishing more predictable conditions for access to genetic resources. • Helping to ensure benefit sharing when genetic resources leave the contracting party providing the genetic resources. By helping to ensure benefit sharing, the Nagoya Protocol creates incentives to conserve and sustainably use genetic resources, and therefore enhances the contribution of biodiversity to development and human well-being.”
Why this source?
  • Defines the Nagoya Protocol as creating legal certainty and ensuring benefit sharing for providers and users of genetic resources.
  • Emphasizes that benefit sharing promotes conservation and sustainable use, outcomes that require implementation mechanisms at multiple levels.
Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 5: Biodiversity and Legislations > BIodIvErSIty act, 2002. > p. 16
Presence: 4/5
“Biodiversity Act, 2002 provides for setting up of a National Biodiversity Authority (NBA), State Biodiversity Board (SBB), and Biodiversity Management Committees (BMCs). Te National Biodiversity Authority was established in Chennai in 2003. According to this Act, all foreign nationals/organisations require prior approval of NBA for obtaining biological resources and/or associated knowledge for any use. Indian individuals require approval of NBA for transferring results of research, with respect to any biological resources, to foreign nationals/ organisations for commercial purposes.”
Why this source?
  • States the Biodiversity Act, 2002 provides for setting up NBA, SBB and BMCs and governs approvals for access to biological resources and associated knowledge.
  • Shows BMCs are institutional actors within India’s ABS regime that can operationalize local-level decisions relevant to Nagoya objectives.
Statement analysis

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Statement analysis

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