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The correct answer is option 2, which states that statement 2 only is correct.
To understand why this is the correct answer, let`s break down each statement:
Statement 1: Dayanand`s reform envisaged a social order, where different castes performed functions suitable to their status determined by merit.
This statement suggests that Dayanand believed in a social order where different castes performed tasks based on their merit and status. However, there is no mention of Dayanand`s specific ideas or beliefs about social reform in this statement, making it unclear whether it accurately represents his views.
Statement 2: Dayanand`s `robust Vedic counterpart` challenged the masculine West that had enslaved the Aryavarta.
This statement highlights Dayanand`s opposition to the "masculine West" that had supposedly enslaved Aryavarta (a name sometimes used to refer to the Indian subcontinent). It suggests that Dayanand saw the Vedic tradition as a strong counterpart to Western influences and imperialism.
Based on the information provided, only statement 2 is directly related to Dayanand`s ideas of social reform. Therefore, option 2 is the correct answer.
Note: It is important to critically analyze and cross-reference information when studying historical figures