Option 1: Agrarian cities. This option suggests that Mohenjodaro and Harappa were cities primarily focused on agriculture. However, the ruins of these cities reveal more than just agricultural activities. There is evidence of advanced urban planning, sophisticated craftsmanship, and an intricate drainage system, which indicates a level of complexity beyond just agricultural practices. Therefore, option 1 is not the correct answer.

Option 2: Religious cities. This option suggests that Mohenjodaro and Harappa were cities primarily focused on religious activities. However, while there is evidence of religious practices in these cities, such as the presence of granaries and a Great Bath, it is not the main focus. The cities were well-planned and had a wide range of economic activities, suggesting that religion was not the only driving force. Therefore, option 2 is not the correct answer.

Option 3: Merchant cities. This option is the correct answer. The ruins of Mohenjodaro and Harappa show evidence of a well-developed trade and commerce system, including the presence of markets, docks, and warehouses. This indicates that these cities were primarily focused on commerce and were likely centers of trade in the region.

Option 4: Shore cities. This option suggests that Mohen