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Q78 (IAS/2014) Environment & Ecology › Climate Change & Global Initiatives › Multilateral environmental agreements Official Key

Consider the following international agreements : 1. The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture 2. The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification 3. The World Heritage Convention Which of the above has/have a bearing on the biodiversity?

Result
Your answer: —  ·  Correct: D
Explanation

All three international agreements have a bearing on biodiversity.

The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture has conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources as its main objectives, in harmony with the Convention on Biological Diversity[1], directly linking it to biodiversity conservation.

The United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification defines desertification as land degradation in arid, semi-arid, and dry-sub-humid areas resulting from various factors including climatic variations and human activities[2], and climate change can have adverse effects on desertification and biodiversity[3], establishing its connection to biodiversity.

The World Heritage Committee provides technical co-operation under the World Heritage Fund to safeguard the selected sites of great biodiversity importance[4], and the convention defines sites that can be considered for inscription including ancient monuments, museums, biodiversity and geological heritage[5], clearly demonstrating its bearing on biodiversity.

Therefore, all three conventions (1, 2, and 3) have a bearing on biodiversity, making option D the correct answer.

Sources
  1. [1] Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 5: Biodiversity and Legislations > IntErnatIonal trEaty on Plant gEnEtIc rESourcES For Food and agrIculturE, 2004. > p. 11
  2. [2] Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 6: Environmental Degradation and Management > dESErtIfIcatIon or dESErtISatIon. > p. 16
  3. [3] Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 29: Environment Issues and Health Effects > Rio Conventinns > p. 427
  4. [4] Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 4: BIODIVERSITY > World HerItAge sItes. > p. 37
  5. [5] Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 15: Protected Area Network > 15.14. WONTO HERITAGE SITES > p. 224
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Don’t just practise – reverse-engineer the question. This panel shows where this PYQ came from (books / web), how the examiner broke it into hidden statements, and which nearby micro-concepts you were supposed to learn from it. Treat it like an autopsy of the question: what might have triggered it, which exact lines in the book matter, and what linked ideas you should carry forward to future questions.
Q. Consider the following international agreements : 1. The International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture 2. The…
At a glance
Origin: From standard books Fairness: High fairness Books / CA: 10/10 · 0/10
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This is a classic 'Scope & Mandate' question found in every standard Environment text (Shankar/Majid). It tests the fundamental interconnectedness of environmental treaties rather than obscure clauses. The key is recognizing that 'biodiversity' is a broad umbrella covering genes (Statement 1), ecosystems (Statement 2), and protected areas (Statement 3).

How this question is built

This question can be broken into the following sub-statements. Tap a statement sentence to jump into its detailed analysis.

Statement 1
Does the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (an international agreement) have a bearing on biodiversity?
Origin: Direct from books Fairness: Straightforward Book-answerable
From standard books
Environment and Ecology, Majid Hussain (Access publishing 3rd ed.) > Chapter 5: Biodiversity and Legislations > IntErnatIonal trEaty on Plant gEnEtIc rESourcES For Food and agrIculturE, 2004. > p. 11
Presence: 5/5
“Tis treaty covers all plant genetic resources for food and agriculture. It specifcally covers 64 crops. Te main objectives of the treaty are the conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture, and the fair and equitable sharing of benefts arising out of their use, in harmony with the Convention on Biological Diversity.”
Why this source?
  • Explicitly states the treaty covers all plant genetic resources for food and agriculture and 64 crops.
  • Lists main objectives as conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources and fair & equitable benefit-sharing.
  • Specifies the treaty works 'in harmony with the Convention on Biological Diversity', linking it directly to biodiversity goals.
Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 28: International Organisation and Conventions > Three main goals: > p. 391
Presence: 4/5
“• The conservation of biodiversity • Sustainable use of the components of biodiversity • Sharing the benefits arising from the commercial and other utilization of genetic resources in a fair and equitable way The Convention acknowledges that substantial investments are required to conserve biological diversity. It argues, however, that conservation will bring us significant environmental, economic and social benefits in return.”
Why this source?
  • Summarises the three main goals relevant to biodiversity: conservation, sustainable use, and benefit-sharing.
  • These goals mirror the treaty objectives, showing conceptual alignment with biodiversity policy.
Environment, Shankar IAS Acedemy .(ed 10th) > Chapter 28: International Organisation and Conventions > Z. Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) > p. 390
Presence: 4/5
“r CBD is a legally binding Convention recognized for the first time, that the conservation of biological diversity is 'a common concern of humankind' and is an integral part of the development process. The agreement covers all ecosystems, species, and genetic resources.”
Why this source?
  • Explains that the Convention on Biological Diversity covers ecosystems, species and genetic resources.
  • Provides the broader biodiversity framework to which the plant genetic resources treaty is linked.
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